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video with aria-labelledby attribute Screen reader compatibility

ARIA HTML WCAG
Sep 11, 2022

Expected Result: works in a screen reader

Actual Result: causes problems in 53 screen reader / browser combinations

Note: The ARIA Text Alternative Computation allows objects to be labelled by items hidden by CSS

WCAG Technique: ARIA10: Using aria-labelledby to provide a text alternative for non-text content

Code used for this test:


		<video aria-labelledby='video-aria-labelledby-id'>
			<source type='video/mp4' src='small.mp4'></source>
		</video>
		<p id='video-aria-labelledby-id' style='display:none'>This is ARIA-LABELLEDBY text</p>

Reliability Trend

This graph shows reliability over time for this code in NVDA, JAWS and Voiceover. Other screen readers don't have enough historical data yet to plot trends.

100%80%60%40%20%0%20150%20160%20170%201825%201925%202025%202138%202238%

Change History

Last updated: September 11, 2022

  • Bad NVDA with Chrome Causes problems from NVDA 2018.4 to NVDA 2022.2
  • Bad NVDA with IE Causes problems from NVDA 2015.2 to NVDA 2019.2
  • Better NVDA with FF Better - caused problems in NVDA 2020.2, but now OK in NVDA 2022.2
  • Bad JAWS with Chrome Causes problems from JAWS 2018.1811.2 to JAWS 2022.2207.25
  • Bad JAWS with IE Causes problems from JAWS 14.0.9002 to JAWS 2019.1912.1
  • Bad JAWS with FF Causes problems from JAWS 14.0.9002 to JAWS 2022.2207.25
  • Better VoiceOver macOS Better - caused problems in VoiceOver macOS 10.12, but now OK in VoiceOver macOS 12.5
  • Better VoiceOver iOS Better - caused problems in VoiceOver iOS 10.3, but now OK in VoiceOver iOS 15.6
  • Bad WindowEyes with IE Causes problems from WindowEyes 8.4 to WindowEyes 9.2
  • Bad Dolphin with IE Causes problems in Dolphin SR 15.05
Screen readerBrowserModeNotesWhat the user hears
Fail NVDA 2022.2Chrome 105 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
OK NVDA 2022.2FF102 Reading This is ARIA-LABELLEDBY text, grouping, out of grouping
Fail NVDA 2022.2Edge 105 Reading No description of non-text content Grouping unavailable. Out of grouping.
Fail NVDA 2021.2Chrome 94 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
OK NVDA 2021.2FF91 Reading This is ARIA-LABELLEDBY text, grouping, out of grouping
Fail NVDA 2021.2Edge 94 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail NVDA 2020.2Chrome 86 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail NVDA 2020.2FF78 Reading No label voiced for video Grouping, out of grouping
Fail NVDA 2020.2Edge 92 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail NVDA 2019.2Chrome 79 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail NVDA 2019.2FF68 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists Blank
Fail NVDA 2019.2IE11 Reading No description of non-text content Video
Fail NVDA 2018.4Chrome 73 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail NVDA 2018.4FF60 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists Blank
Fail NVDA 2018.4IE11 Reading No description of non-text content Video
Fail NVDA 2017.3FF60 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists Blank
Fail NVDA 2017.3IE11 Reading No description of non-text content Video
Fail NVDA 2016.2FF48 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail NVDA 2016.2IE11 Reading No description of non-text content Video
Fail NVDA 2015.2FF41 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists Blank
Fail NVDA 2015.2IE11 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2022.2207.25Chrome 105 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2022.2207.25FF102 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2022.2207.25Edge 105 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2021.2107.12Chrome 94 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2021.2107.12FF91 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2021.2107.12Edge 94 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2020.2008.24Chrome 86 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2020.2008.24FF78 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2020.2008.24Edge 92 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2019.1912.1Chrome 79 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2019.1912.1FF68 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2019.1912.1IE11 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2018.1811.2Chrome 73 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2018.1811.2FF60 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 2018.1811.2IE11 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 18.0.5038FF52 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 18.0.5038IE11 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 17.0.2619FF48 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 17.0.2619IE11 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 16.0.4350FF41 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 16.0.4350IE11 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 15.0.9023FF41 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 15.0.9023IE11 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 14.0.9002FF41 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail JAWS 14.0.9002IE11 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail WindowEyes 9.2IE11 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail WindowEyes 8.4IE11 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
OK VoiceOver macOS 12.5Safari 15.6 Reading This is ARIA-LABELLEDBY text, empty video playback.
OK VoiceOver macOS 11.5Safari 15.0 Reading This is ARIA-LABELLEDBY text, empty video playback.
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.15Safari 14.1 Reading This is ARIA-LABELLEDBY text, empty video playback.
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.14Safari 13.0 Reading This is ARIA-LABELLEDBY text, video playback.
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.13Safari 12.1 Reading This is ARIA-LABELLEDBY text, video playback.
Fail VoiceOver macOS 10.12Safari 10.1.2 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail VoiceOver macOS 10.11Safari 9.1.2 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
Fail VoiceOver macOS 10.10Safari 9.0.1 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists
OK VoiceOver iOS 15.6Safari iOS 15.6Touch This is ARIA-LABELLEDBY text, 5 seconds, video playback, end article, elapsed time 0 seconds, double-tap to play or pause.
OK VoiceOver iOS 14.7Safari iOS 14.7Touch This is ARIA-LABELLEDBY text, 5 seconds, video playback, end article, elapsed time 0 seconds, double-tap to play or pause.
OK VoiceOver iOS 13.3Safari iOS 13.3Touch This is ARIA-LABELLEDBY text, 5 seconds, video playback, end article, elapsed time 0 seconds, double-tap to play or pause.
OK VoiceOver iOS 12.4Safari iOS 12.4Touch This is ARIA-LABELLEDBY text, 5 seconds, 0 seconds
OK VoiceOver iOS 11.4Safari iOS 11.4Touch This is ARIA-LABELLEDBY text, 5 seconds, 0 seconds
Fail VoiceOver iOS 10.3Safari iOS 10.3TouchNo description of non-text content Start playback, button
Fail VoiceOver iOS 9.1Safari iOS 9.1TouchNo description of non-text content Start playback, button
Fail VoiceOver iOS 8.4Safari iOS 8.4TouchNo description of non-text content Start playback, button
Fail Dolphin SR 15.05IE11 Reading Nothing voiced for video - no indication it exists

Test notes

All tests were carried out with screen reader factory settings. JAWS in particular has a wide variety of settings controlling exactly what gets spoken.

Screen readers allow users to interact in different modes, and can produce very different results in each mode. The modes used in these tests are:

  • Reading Content read using the “read next” command in a screen reader
  • Tabbing Content read using the “tab” key in a screen reader
  • Heading Content read using the “next heading” key in a screen reader
  • Touch Content read when touching an area of screen on a mobile device

In the “What the user hears” column:

  • Commas represent short pauses in screen reader voicing
  • Full Stops represent places where voicing stops, and the “read next” or “tab” or “next heading” command is pressed again
  • Ellipsis … represent a long pause in voicing
  • (Brackets) represent voicing that requires a keystroke to hear