PowerMapper
PowerMapper
label elements reference controls with duplicate ids
Screen reader compatibility
HTML WCAG
Sep 11, 2022
Expected Result: causes problems in some screen readers
Actual Result: causes problems in 99 screen reader / browser combinations
For expected failures, the results show which AT combos the failures affect. Results are recorded from the user's viewpoint, so describe the user impact of authoring errors.
WCAG Failure: F77
Code used for this test:
<a href='http://www.example.com'>Previous link</a>
<label id='Label1' for='Input1'>Label One</label><input id='Input1'>
<label id='Label1' for='Input1'>Label Two</label><input id='Input1'>
<label id='Label1'>Label Three</label><input id='Input1' aria-labelledby='Label1'>
Change History
Last updated: September 11, 2022
- NVDA with Chrome
Causes problems in
NVDA 2022.2
- NVDA with IE
Causes problems in
NVDA 2019.2
- NVDA with FF
Causes problems in
NVDA 2022.2
- JAWS with Chrome
Causes problems in
JAWS 2022.2207.25
- JAWS with IE
Causes problems in
JAWS 2019.1912.1
- JAWS with FF
Causes problems in
JAWS 2022.2207.25
- VoiceOver macOS
Causes problems from
VoiceOver macOS 10.9 to VoiceOver macOS 12.5
- VoiceOver iOS
Causes problems from
VoiceOver iOS 7.1 to VoiceOver iOS 15.6
- WindowEyes with IE
Causes problems from
WindowEyes 8.4 to WindowEyes 9.2
- Dolphin with IE
Causes problems in
Dolphin SR 15.05
- SaToGo with IE
Causes problems in
SaToGo 3.4.96.0
| Screen reader | Browser | Mode | Notes | What the user hears |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 NVDA 2022.2 | Chrome 105 | Reading | Label one, edit, label two, edit, label three, edit. | |
| NVDA 2022.2 | Chrome 105 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit, blank. Edit, blank. Label one, edit, blank. |
| NVDA 2022.2 | FF102 | Reading | Clickable label one, edit auto has complete, clickable label two, edit auto has complete, label three, edit has auto complete. | |
| NVDA 2022.2 | FF102 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit auto has complete, blank. Edit has auto complete, blank. Label one, edit has auto complete, blank. |
| NVDA 2022.2 | Edge 105 | Reading | Label one, edit, label two, edit, label three, edit. | |
| NVDA 2022.2 | Edge 105 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit, blank. Edit, blank. Label one, edit, blank. |
| NVDA 2021.2 | Chrome 94 | Reading | Label one, edit, label two, edit, label three, edit. | |
| NVDA 2021.2 | Chrome 94 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit, blank. Edit, blank. Label one, edit, blank. |
| NVDA 2021.2 | FF91 | Reading | Clickable label one, edit auto has complete, clickable label two, edit auto has complete, label three, edit has auto complete. | |
| NVDA 2021.2 | FF91 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit auto has complete, blank. Edit has auto complete, blank. Label one, edit has auto complete, blank. |
| NVDA 2021.2 | Edge 94 | Reading | Label one, edit, label two, edit, label three, edit. | |
| NVDA 2021.2 | Edge 94 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit, blank. Edit, blank. Label one, edit, blank. |
| NVDA 2020.2 | Chrome 86 | Reading | Label one, edit, label two, edit, label three, edit. | |
| NVDA 2020.2 | Chrome 86 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit, blank. Edit, blank. Label one, edit, blank. |
| NVDA 2020.2 | FF78 | Reading | Clickable label one, edit auto has complete, clickable label two, edit auto has complete, label three, edit has auto complete. | |
| NVDA 2020.2 | FF78 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit auto has complete, blank. Edit has auto complete, blank. Label one, edit has auto complete, blank. |
| NVDA 2020.2 | Edge 92 | Reading | Label one, edit, label two, edit, label three, edit. | |
| NVDA 2020.2 | Edge 92 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit, blank. Edit, blank. Label one, edit, blank. |
| NVDA 2019.2 | Chrome 79 | Reading | Label one, edit, label two, edit, label three, edit. | |
| NVDA 2019.2 | Chrome 79 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit, blank. Edit, blank. Label one, edit, blank. |
| NVDA 2019.2 | FF68 | Reading | Clickable label one, edit auto has complete, clickable label two, edit auto has complete, label three, edit has auto complete. | |
| NVDA 2019.2 | FF68 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit auto has complete, blank. Edit has auto complete, blank. Label one, edit has auto complete, blank. |
| NVDA 2019.2 | IE11 | Reading | Label one, edit, label two, edit, label three, edit. | |
| NVDA 2019.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label two, edit blank. Label two, edit blank. Label one, edit blank. |
| NVDA 2018.4 | Chrome 73 | Reading | Label one, edit, label two, edit, label three, edit. | |
| NVDA 2018.4 | Chrome 73 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit, blank. Edit, blank. Label one, edit, blank. |
| NVDA 2018.4 | FF60 | Reading | Clickable label one, edit auto has complete, clickable label two, edit auto has complete, label three, edit has auto complete. | |
| NVDA 2018.4 | FF60 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit auto has complete, blank. Edit has auto complete, blank. Label one, edit has auto complete, blank. |
| NVDA 2018.4 | IE11 | Reading | Label one, edit, label two, edit, label three, edit. | |
| NVDA 2018.4 | IE11 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label two, edit blank. Label two, edit blank. Label one, edit blank. |
| NVDA 2017.3 | FF60 | Reading | Clickable label one, edit auto complete, clickable label two, edit auto complete, label three, edit auto complete. | |
| NVDA 2017.3 | FF60 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit auto complete blank. Edit auto complete blank. Label one, edit auto complete blank. |
| NVDA 2017.3 | IE11 | Reading | Label one, edit, label two, edit, label three, edit. | |
| NVDA 2017.3 | IE11 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label two, edit blank. Label two, edit blank. Label one, edit blank. |
| NVDA 2016.2 | FF48 | Reading | Clickable label one, edit auto complete, clickable label two, edit auto complete, label three, edit auto complete. | |
| NVDA 2016.2 | FF48 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit auto complete blank. Edit auto complete blank. Label one, edit auto complete blank. |
| NVDA 2016.2 | IE11 | Reading | Label one, edit, label two, edit, label three, edit. | |
| NVDA 2016.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label two, edit blank. Label two, edit blank. Label one, edit blank. |
| NVDA 2015.2 | FF40 | Reading | Label one, edit auto complete, label two, edit auto complete, label three, edit auto complete. | |
| NVDA 2015.2 | FF40 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit auto complete blank. Label one, label two, edit auto complete blank. Label one, edit auto complete blank. |
| NVDA 2015.2 | IE11 | Reading | Label one, edit, label two, edit, label three, edit. | |
| NVDA 2015.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label two, edit blank. Label two, edit blank. Label one, edit blank. |
| NVDA 2014.1 | FF28 | Reading | Label one, edit auto complete. Label two, edit auto complete. Label three, edit auto complete. | |
| NVDA 2014.1 | FF28 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label one, label two, edit auto complete blank. Label one, label two, edit auto complete blank. Label one, edit auto complete blank. |
| NVDA 2014.1 | IE11 | Reading | Label one, edit. Label two, edit. Label three, edit. | |
| NVDA 2014.1 | IE11 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't match visible labelling. | Label two, edit blank. Label two, edit blank. Label one, edit blank. |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | Chrome 105 | Reading | Label one. Blank, edit. Label two. Blank, edit. Label three. Blank, edit. | |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | Chrome 105 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Label two, edit type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | FF102 | Reading | Some edit fields not voiced and wrong labels read. | Label one. Label one, label two. Blank, edit. Label two. Blank, edit. Label three. Label one. Blank, edit. |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | FF102 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Edit, type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | Edge 105 | Reading | Label one. Blank, edit. Label two. Blank, edit. Label three. Blank, edit. | |
| JAWS 2022.2207.25 | Edge 105 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Label two, edit type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | Chrome 94 | Reading | Confused edit fields contents. | Label one. Search, edit. Label two. Blank, edit. Label three. Blank, edit. |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | Chrome 94 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Label two, edit type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | FF91 | Reading | Some edit fields not voiced and wrong labels read. | Label one. Label one, label two. Search, edit. Label two. Blank, edit. Label three. Label one. Label one. Blank, edit. |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | FF91 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Edit, type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | Edge 94 | Reading | Wrong labels read out. | Label one. Search, edit. Label two. Blank, edit. Label three. Blank, edit. |
| JAWS 2021.2107.12 | Edge 94 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Label two, edit type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | Chrome 86 | Reading | Confused edit fields and wrong labels read. | Label one. Edit. Label two. Blank, edit edit, type in text. Label three. Blank, edit, label one edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | Chrome 86 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Edit type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | FF78 | Reading | Some edit fields not voiced and wrong labels read. | Label one. Label one, label two. Blank, edit. Label two. Edit, edit, type in text. Label three. Label one. Label one edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | FF78 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Edit, type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | Edge 92 | Reading | Wrong labels read out. | Label one. Blank, edit. Label two. Blank, edit, label two edit, type in text. Label three. Blank, edit, label one edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 2020.2008.24 | Edge 92 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Label two, edit type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | Chrome 79 | Reading | Some edit fields not voiced and wrong labels read. | Label one. Label one, label two, edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | Chrome 79 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Edit type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | FF68 | Reading | Some edit fields not voiced and wrong labels read. | Label one. Label one, label two. Label one, label two, edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | FF68 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Edit, type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | IE11 | Reading | Wrong labels read out. | Label one. Edit, label two edit, type in text. Label two. Edit, label two edit, type in text. Label three. Edit, label one edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 2019.1912.1 | IE11 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label two, edit, type in text. Label two, edit, type in text. Label one, edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | Chrome 73 | Reading | Some edit fields not voiced. | Label one. Label two. Blank, edit. Label three. Blank, edit. |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | Chrome 73 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Tab, label one, label two, edit type in text. Tab, edit type in text. Tab, label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | FF60 | Reading | Label one. Label one, label two. Blank, edit, label one, label two edit, type in text. Label two. Blank, edit, edit, type in text. Label three. Label one. Blank, edit. | |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | FF60 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Tab, label one, label two, edit type in text. Tab, edit type in text. Tab, label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | IE11 | Reading | Wrong labels read out. | Label one. Edit, label two edit, type in text. Label two. Edit. Label three. Edit. |
| JAWS 2018.1811.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Tab, label two, edit, type in text. Tab, label two, edit, type in text. Tab, label one, edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 18.0.5038 | FF52 | Reading | Label one. Blank, edit. Label two. Blank, edit, edit, type in text. Label three. Blank, edit. | |
| JAWS 18.0.5038 | FF52 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Tab, label one, label two, edit type in text. Tab, edit type in text. Tab, label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 18.0.5038 | IE11 | Reading | Wrong labels read out. | Label one. Edit, label two edit, type in text. Label two. Edit. Label three. Edit. |
| JAWS 18.0.5038 | IE11 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Tab, label two, edit, type in text. Tab, label two, edit, type in text. Tab, label one, edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 17.0.2619 | FF48 | Reading | Wrong labels read out. | Label one. Blank, edit, label one, label two edit, type in text. Label two. Blank, edit, edit, type in text. Label three. Blank, edit, label one edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 17.0.2619 | FF48 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Edit type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 17.0.2619 | IE11 | Reading | Wrong labels read out. | Label one. Edit, label two edit, type in text. Label two. Edit, label two edit, type in text. Label three. Edit, label two edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 17.0.2619 | IE11 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label two, edit, type in text. Label two, edit, type in text. Label two, edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 16.0.4350 | FF40 | Reading | Label one. Blank, edit. Label two. Blank, edit. Label three. Blank, edit. | |
| JAWS 16.0.4350 | FF40 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Label one, label two, edit type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 16.0.4350 | IE11 | Reading | Label one, edit. Label two, edit. Label three, edit. | |
| JAWS 16.0.4350 | IE11 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label two, edit, type in text. Label two, edit, type in text. Label one, edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 15.0.9023 | FF29 | Reading | Label one. Blank, edit. Label two. Blank, edit. Label three. Blank, edit. | |
| JAWS 15.0.9023 | FF29 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Label one, label two, edit type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 15.0.9023 | IE11 | Reading | Label one, blank. Label two, blank. Label three, blank. | |
| JAWS 15.0.9023 | IE11 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label two, edit, type in text. Label two, edit, type in text. Label one, edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 14.0.9002 | FF29 | Reading | Label one. Blank, edit. Label two. Blank, edit. Label three. Blank, edit. | |
| JAWS 14.0.9002 | FF29 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Label one, label two, edit type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 14.0.9002 | IE11 | Reading | Label one, blank. Label two, blank. Label three, blank. | |
| JAWS 14.0.9002 | IE11 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label two, edit, type in text. Label two, edit, type in text. Label one, edit, type in text. |
| JAWS 13.0.852 | FF29 | Reading | Label one, blank edit, type in text. Label two, blank edit, type in text. Label three, blank edit, type in text. | |
| JAWS 13.0.852 | FF29 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit type in text. Label one, label two, edit type in text. Label one, edit type in text. |
| JAWS 13.0.852 | IE11 | Reading | Label one, blank, type in text. Label two, blank, type in text. Label three, blank, type in text. | |
| JAWS 13.0.852 | IE11 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label two, edit, type in text. Label two, edit, type in text. Label one label two label three, edit, type in text. |
| WindowEyes 9.2 | IE11 | Reading | Wrong labels read out. | Label one. Label two, edit. Label two. Label two, edit. Label three. Label one, edit. |
| WindowEyes 9.2 | IE11 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label two, edit. Label two, edit. Label one, edit. |
| WindowEyes 8.4 | IE11 | Reading | Wrong labels read out. | Label one. Edit box, label two. Label two. Edit box, label two. Label three. Edit box, label one. |
| WindowEyes 8.4 | IE11 | Tabbing | Wrong labels read out. | Label one, label two, edit box. Label one, label two, edit box. Label one, edit box. |
| VoiceOver macOS 12.5 | Safari 15.6 | Reading | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, edit text. Label two. Label one, edit text. Label three. Label one, edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 12.5 | Safari 15.6 | Tabbing | Same label read out for each field, causes some following content to be ignored. | Label one edit text. Label one edit text. Label one edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 11.5 | Safari 15.0 | Reading | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, edit text. Label two. Label one, edit text. Label three. Label one, edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 11.5 | Safari 15.0 | Tabbing | Same label read out for each field, causes some following content to be ignored. | Label one edit text. Label one edit text. Label one edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.15 | Safari 14.1 | Reading | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, edit text. Label two. Label one, edit text. Label three. Label one, edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.15 | Safari 14.1 | Tabbing | Same label read out for each field, causes some following content to be ignored. | Label one edit text. Label one edit text. Label one edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.14 | Safari 13.0 | Reading | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, edit text. Label two. Label one, edit text. Label three. Label one, edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.14 | Safari 13.0 | Tabbing | Same label read out for each field, causes some following content to be ignored. | Label one edit text. Label one edit text. Label one edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.13 | Safari 12.1 | Reading | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, edit text. Label two. Label one, edit text. Label three. Label one, edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.13 | Safari 12.1 | Tabbing | Same label read out for each field, causes some following content to be ignored. | Label one edit text. Label one edit text. Label one edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.12 | Safari 10.1.2 | Reading | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, edit text. Label two. Label one, edit text. Label three. Label one, edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.12 | Safari 10.1.2 | Tabbing | Same label read out for each field, causes some following content to be ignored. | Label one edit text. Label one edit text. Label one edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.11 | Safari 9.1.2 | Reading | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one edit text. Label two. Label one edit text. Label three. Label one edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.11 | Safari 9.1.2 | Tabbing | Same label read out for each field, causes some following content to be ignored. | Label one edit text. Label one edit text. Label one edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.10 | Safari 8.0.6 | Reading | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one edit text. Label two. Label one edit text. Label three. Label one edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.10 | Safari 8.0.6 | Tabbing | Same label read out for each field, causes some following content to be ignored. | Label one edit text. Label one edit text. Label one edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.9 | Safari 7.0.3 | Reading | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one edit text. Label two. Label one edit text. Label three. Label one edit text. |
| VoiceOver macOS 10.9 | Safari 7.0.3 | Tabbing | Same label read out for each field. | Label one edit text. Label one edit text. Label one edit text. |
| VoiceOver iOS 15.6 | Safari iOS 15.6 | Touch | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, text field. Label two. Label one, text field. Label three. Label one, text field. |
| VoiceOver iOS 14.7 | Safari iOS 14.7 | Touch | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, text field. Label two. Label one, text field. Label three. Label one, text field. |
| VoiceOver iOS 13.3 | Safari iOS 13.3 | Touch | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, text field. Label two. Label one, text field. Label three. Label one, text field. |
| VoiceOver iOS 12.4 | Safari iOS 12.4 | Touch | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, text field. Label two. Label one, text field. Label three. Label one, text field. |
| VoiceOver iOS 11.4 | Safari iOS 11.4 | Touch | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, text field. Label two. Label one, text field. Label three. Label one, text field. |
| VoiceOver iOS 10.3 | Safari iOS 10.3 | Touch | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, text field. Label two. Label one, text field. Label three. Label one, text field. |
| VoiceOver iOS 9.1 | Safari iOS 9.1 | Touch | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, text field. Label two. Label one, text field. Label three. Label one, text field. |
| VoiceOver iOS 8.4 | Safari iOS 8.4 | Touch | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, text field. Label two. Label one, text field. Label three. Label one, text field. |
| VoiceOver iOS 7.1 | Safari iOS 7.1 | Touch | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, text field. Label two. Label one, text field. Label three. Label one, text field. |
| Dolphin SR 15.05 | IE11 | Reading | Labels read out don't make sense. | Label one. Label one, label two, edit. Label two. Label one, label two, edit. Label three. Label one, edit. |
| Dolphin SR 15.05 | IE11 | Tabbing | Labels read out don't make sense. | Forms mode, label one, label two, blank line, edit. Forms mode, label one, label two, blank line, edit. Forms mode, label one, blank line, edit. |
| SaToGo 3.4.96.0 | IE11 | Reading | Label one, edit, blank. Label two, edit, blank. Label three, edit, blank. | |
| SaToGo 3.4.96.0 | IE11 | Tabbing | Same labels read out for each field. | Label one, label two, editable text, blank. Label one, label two, editable text, blank. Label one, label two, editable text, blank. |
SortSite rules: AccWcag2-F77-1
Test notes
All tests were carried out with screen reader factory settings. JAWS in particular has a wide variety of settings controlling exactly what gets spoken.
Screen readers allow users to interact in different modes, and can produce very different results in each mode. The modes used in these tests are:
- Reading Content read using the “read next” command in a screen reader
- Tabbing Content read using the “tab” key in a screen reader
- Heading Content read using the “next heading” key in a screen reader
- Touch Content read when touching an area of screen on a mobile device
In the “What the user hears” column:
- Commas represent short pauses in screen reader voicing
- Full Stops represent places where voicing stops, and the “read next” or “tab” or “next heading” command is pressed again
- Ellipsis … represent a long pause in voicing
- (Brackets) represent voicing that requires a keystroke to hear